Clinical relevance of miR-423-5p levels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to examine changes in miRNAs expression profile of COPD patients. Methods: Thirty-six COPD patients as well as thirty-three healthy volunteers were recruited. Total RNAs were collected from the plasma of each participant. The differentially expressed miRNAs in COPD were screened from the GEO database. RT-qPCR was carried out to detect miRNA expression. Results: In total, 9 out of 55 miRNAs were expressed differentially in COPD patients. Confirmed by RT-qPCR validation, 6 miRNAs increased while 3 miRNAs decreased. Further analysis of miR-423-5p, which has not been reported in COPD, showed that AUC for the diagnosis of COPD was 0.9651, and miR-423-5p levels was inversely correlated with the duration of smoking. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that miR-423-5p is a potential marker for identifying COPD patients.

Clinical effect of Fumai Zhuyu Decoction in the adjuvant treatment of deep vein thrombosis after orthopedic surgery / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To evaluate the curative effect of Fumai Zhuyu Decoction on deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after orthopedic surgery.Methods:According to random method, 90 patients with DVT after orthopedic surgery who met inclusion criteria in the hospital were divided into two groups between January 2018 and December 2020, 45 cases in each group. Both groups were given DVT catheterization for thrombolysis. After that, control group was given subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin calcium, while observation group was additionally treated with Fumai Zhuyu Decoction. All were continuously treated for 14d. Before and after treatment, scores of TCM syndromes were evaluated. The coagulation response time (R), clotting time (K), clotting angle (α) and maximum strength of blood clotting (MA) were detected by full-automatic thromboelastometry analyzer. The levels of serum IL-6 and CRP were detected by ELISA. The hematocrit (Hct) was calculated according to red cell casts and whole blood height. The adverse reactions were recorded. And the clinical curative effect was evaluated.Results:The differences in total response rate between observation group and control group were statistically significant [82.2% (37/45) vs. 62.2% (38/45); χ2=4.49, P=0.034]. After treatment, scores of affected limb pain, dark encrusted skin and affected limb swelling in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group ( t values were 7.26, 7.14, 6.88, respectively, all Ps<0.001). After treatment, R [(6.12±0.86) min vs. (5.45±0.56) min, t=3.58] and K [(2.24±0.45) min vs. (1.72±0.42) min, t=4.63] in observation group were significantly longer than those in control group ( P<0.01), α [(51.69±2.23)° vs. (54.23±2.42)°, t=4.23] and MA [(51.58±3.62) min vs. (54.58±3.53) min, t=3.25] were significantly lower than those in control group ( P<0.01), and levels of serum IL-6, CRP and Hct were significantly lower than those in control group ( t values were 2.66, 2.96, 7.58, respectively, all Ps<0.01). During treatment, differences in incidence of adverse reactions between observation group and control group were statistically significant [6.7% (3/45) vs. 22.2% (10/45); χ2=4.41, P=0.036]. Conclusion:The Fumai Zhuyu Decoction can reduce blood viscosity, prevent thrombosis and improve clinical curative effect in patients with DVT after orthopedic surgery.

Efficacy of Getong Tongluo Capsule () for Convalescent-Phase of Ischemic Stroke and Primary Hypertension: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate whether the efficacy of Getong Tongluo Capsule (, GTC, consisted of total flavone of Radix Puerariae) on improving patients' quality of life and lowering blood pressure are superior to the extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGB) for patients with convalescent-phase ischemic stroke and primary hypertension.@*METHODS@#This randomized, positive-drug- and placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted from September 2015 to October 2017. Totally 477 eligible patients from 18 hospitals in China were randomly assigned in a 2:1:1 ratio to the following interventions, twice a day for 12 weeks: (1) GTC 250 mg plus EGB-matching placebo 40 mg (237 cases, GTC group), (2) EGB 40 mg plus GTC-matching placebo 250 mg (120 cases, EGB group) or (3) GTC-matching placebo 250 mg plus EGB-matching placebo 40 mg (120 cases, placebo group). Moreover, all patients were orally administered aspirin enteric-coated tablets 100 mg, once a day for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the Barthel Index (BI). The secondary outcomes included the control rate of blood pressure and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. The incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs) were calculated and assessed.@*RESULTS@#The BI relative independence rates, the clinical recovery rates of NIHSS, and the total effective rates of NIHSS in the GTC and EGB groups were significantly higher than the placebo group at 12 weeks after treatment (P0.05). The control rate of blood pressure in the GTC group was significantly higher than the EGB and placebo groups at 12, 18 and 24 weeks after treatment (P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#GTC exhibited significant efficacy in improving patients' quality of life as well as neurological function and controlling hypertension. (Registration No. ChiCTR1800016667).

Day-1 PELOD-2 and day-1 quick PELOD-2 scores in children with sepsis in the PICU / Desempenhos dos escores PELOD-2 no dia 1 e quick PELOD-2 no dia 1 em crianças com sepse na UTIP

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive validity of the day-1 PELOD-2 and day-1 "quick" PELOD-2 (qPELOD-2) scores for in-hospital mortality in children with sepsis in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a developing country. Methods: The data of 516 children diagnosed as sepsis were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into survival group and non-survival group, according to the clinical outcome 28 days after admission. Day-1 PELOD-2, day-1 qPELOD-2, pediatric SOFA (pSOFA), and P-MODS were collected and scored. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the efficiency of the day-1 PELOD-2, day-1 qPELOD-2 score, pSOFA, and P-MODS for predicting death were evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results: The day-1 PELOD-2 score, day-1 qPELOD-2 score, pSOFA, and P-MODS in the non-survivor group were significantly higher than those in the survivor group. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUCs of the day-1 PELOD-2 score, day-1 qPELOD-2 score, pSOFA, and P-MODS for predicting the prognosis of children with sepsis in the PICU were 0.916, 0.802, 0.937, and 0.761, respectively (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Both the day-1 PELOD-2 score and day-1 qPELOD-2 score were effective and able to assess the prognosis of children with sepsis in a PICU of a developing country. Additionally, the day-1 PELOD-2 score was superior to the day-1 qPELOD-2 score. Further studies are needed to verify the usefulness of the day-1 qPELOD-2 score, particularly outside of the PICU.

Resumo Objetivos: A finalidade de nosso estudo foi avaliar a validade preditiva dos escores PELOD-2 no dia 1 e "quick" PELOD-2 no dia 1 com relação à mortalidade hospitalar em crianças com sepse em uma UTIP de um país em desenvolvimento. Métodos: Foram analisados retrospectivamente os dados de 516 crianças diagnosticadas com sepse. As crianças foram divididas em grupo sobrevida e grupo não sobrevida de acordo com o desfecho clínico de 28 dias após internação. Foram coletadas e pontuadas as variáveis PELOD-2 no dia 1, qPELOD-2 no dia 1, pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) e Pediatric Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score (P-MODS). A curva da característica de operação do receptor (ROC) foi plotada e a eficiência preditiva do PELOD-2 no dia 1, o escore qPELOD-2 no dia 1, pSOFA, P-MODS com relação a óbito foram avaliados pela área abaixo da curva (AUC) da curva ROC. Resultados: O escore PELOD-2 no dia 1, escore qPELOD-2 no dia 1, pSOFA e P-MODS no grupo não sobrevida foram significativamente maiores do que os no grupo sobrevida. A análise preditiva da curva ROC mostrou que as AUCs do escore PELOD-2 no dia 1, escore qPELOD-2 no dia 1, pSOFA e P-MODS com relação ao prognóstico de crianças com sepse na UTIP foi 0,916, 0,802, 0,937 e 0,761, respectivamente (todas p < 0,05). Conclusões: Tanto o escore PELOD-2 no dia 1 e o escore qPELOD-2 no dia 1 foram válidos e conseguiram avaliar o prognóstico de crianças com sepse em uma UTIP de um país em desenvolvimento. Além disso, o escore PELOD-2 no dia 1 foi superior ao escore qPELOD-2 no dia 1. São necessários estudos adicionais para verificar a utilidade do escore qPELOD-2 no dia 1, principalmente fora da UTIP.

Advances in research of endoplasmic reticulum stress of ganglion cells in diabetic retinopathy / 上海预防医学

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important cause of vision loss and blindness in diabetic patients. Studies have shown that neurodegenerative changes have occurred before diabetic retinal microvascular injury, such as reactive glial increase and ganglion cell apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in this process.Studies have shown that neurodegenerative changes have occurred before diabetic retinal microvascular injury, mainly as ganglion cell apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in this process.The UPR has three signal paths:the ATF6 signal path, the PERK signal path, and the IRE1 signal path.It is closely related to oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, BRB destruction and angiogenesis in the DR process.Exploring the intrinsic mechanism of ERS and ganglion cell injury is of great significance for finding new effective drugs to prevent or treat diabetic patients.

Rosiglitazone promotes phosphorylation of AMPK protein and improves insulin resistance in db/db mice / 上海预防医学

Objective To observe the effect of rosiglitazone on the protein expression of AMPK and GLUT4 in peripheral tissue (liver, skeletal muscle and fat) of type 2 diabetic db/db mice and to prove that rosiglitazone can regulate the glucose metabolism in db/db mice partly through the AMPK pathway. Methods db/db mice were randomly divided into model group and rosiglitazone group according to their blood glucose.The db/m mice were normal control group.After 4 weeks of administration, fasting blood glucose was detected in each group.Western blot was used to detect the contents of AMPK, p-AMPK and GLUT4 in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Results (1) Rosiglitazone significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose of db/db mice; (2)Rosiglitazone increased the level of AMPK phosphorylation in the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of db/db mice, and increased the content of GLUT4 protein in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Conclusion Rosiglitazone can increase the phosphorylation of AMPK and the expression of GLUT4 protein in the liver, muscle and fat tissue of db/db mice, and promote the uptake and utilization of glucose in peripheral tissue, suggesting that it can regulate glucose metabolism in db/db mice partly through the AMPK pathway.

Development on Visuo-haptic Augmented Reality in Rehabilitation for Upper Extremities and Hands (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Visuo-haptic augmented reality is an active research topic in the field of human-computer interaction, which helps to enhance the patient's realism when it is applied in the field of upper limb rehabilitation. In this paper, several existing visuo-haptic augmented reality systems on rehabilitation were compared and analyzed from the aspects of system composition, interaction modes and applicable objects.

Application of Augmented Reality Technology in Functional Rehabilitation of Human Hand (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@# Augmented reality technology has great clinical application potential in functional rehabilitation of human hand. The principle,structure and difficulties of augmented reality technology application in functional rehabilitation of human hand were analyzed. 8 typical systems were introduced and discussed, based on which the advantages and disadvantages of these systems were compared. Finally, the relevant developing tendency and prospect in future was predicated.

Application of Augmented Reality Technology in Functional Rehabilitation of Human Hand (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Augmented reality technology has great clinical application potential in functional rehabilitation of human hand. The princi-ple, structure and difficulties of augmented reality technology application in functional rehabilitation of human hand were analyzed. 8 typi-cal systems were introduced and discussed, based on which the advantages and disadvantages of these systems were compared. Finally, the relevant developing tendency and prospect in future was predicated.

Acute hyperlipidemic pancreatitis in a pregnant woman / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis is a serious complication during pregnancy, however the incidence of hyperlipidemia induced by pancreatitis is lower. METHODS: We treated a pregnant woman with hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute gestational pancreatitis who simultaneously developed hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (ARF). RESULTS: The woman was successfully treated through noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV), emergent caesarean delivery, drainage of chylous ascites, and peritoneal lavage. CONCLUSION: The signs and symptoms of ARF were greatly improved in this patient after NPPV and conventional therapies. Early NPPV may be related to good prognosis of the disease.

Brain imaging with a novel β-amyloid plaque probe 131 I-IMPY in Alzheimer's disease / 中华核医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of brain SPECT imaging with a novel Aβ plaque probe,131 I-2-(4'-dimethylaminophenyl) -6-iodoimidazo[ 1,2-α ] pyridine ( 131 I-IMPY) in early AD.Methods Thirteen patients with AD (3 males,10 females,age ranged 52 - 79 y),11 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI,4 males,7 females,age ranged 48 - 67 y) and 14 normal controls (6 males,8 females,age ranged 42 - 67 y) were enrolled in this study.131I-IMPY SPECT imaging was acquired in 2 -3 h after the agent injection.ROIs were drawn on cerebral lobes and cerebellum.The ratios of mean radioactivity of cerebral lobes over cerebellum (Rcl/cb) were calculated.The t-test was used for data analysis.Results In patients with MCI,Rcl/cb ratios were increased in parietal gyrus,temporal gyrus and frontal gyrus (right:1.15±0.18,1.18±0.12,1.14±0.14; left:1.16±0.11,1.19±0.18,1.15±0.09)compared with those in normal control group ( right:1.02 ± 0.12,1.05 ± 0.14,1.01 ± 0.12 ; left:1.03 ±0.13,1.05 ±0.13,1.01 ±0.14; t:2.1642 to 2.8757,all P ＜0.05).Rcl/cb ratios of basel ganglia and occipital gyms in MCI group (right:0.92 ±0.18,1.12 ±0.15; left:0.94 ±0.15,1.13 ±0.17) showed no statistical difference compared with those in normal control group (right:0.82 ±0.15,1.06 ±0.18;left:0.85 ±0.16,1.08 ±0.15; t:0.7805 to 1.4344,all P＞0.05).In patients with AD,Rcl/cb ratios were increased in parietal,temporal,basal ganglia and occipital lobes (right:1.16 ±0.19,1.24 ±0.17,1.16 ±0.13,1.14±0.11,1.23±0.10; left:1.17±0.21,1.25±0.15,1.18±0.08,1.17±0.16,1.25±0.11)compared with those in normal control group( t:2.1001 to 6.2789,all P ＜0.05).Rcl/cb ratios of parietal,temporal and frontal lobes in AD group showed no statistical difference compared with those in MCI group (t:0.1316 to 0.9806,all P ＞ 0.05 ),while Rcl/cb ratios of basal ganglia and occipital lobes in AD group were increased compared with those in MCI group ( t:2.0850 to 3.6772,all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion 131 I-IMPY as a β- amyloid plaque probe for brain SPECT imaging may be potentially helpful for early diagnosis of AD.

Early tracheotomy for acute severe asthma / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#BACKGROUND: Few studies have reported the effects of early tracheotomy in acute severe asthmatic patients. We report two patients with acute severe asthma who were successfully treated with early tracheotomy. METHODS: The two patients with acute severe asthma were retrospectively reviewed. They had been treated at the Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. RESULTS: They developed progressively hypercapnia and severe acidosis, and were not improved after conventional therapies. Early tracheotomy after mechanical ventilation decreased airway resistance and work of breathing, and corrected hypercapnia and acidosis. Adequate gas exchange was maintained after tracheotomy. The two patients were subsequently weaned from mechanical ventilation and discharged. CONCLUSION: Early tracheotomy could be a valuable approach in certain patients with severe asthma.

Preparation of porous Ti metal composite scaffold with bioactivity / 生物医学工程学杂志

In this work, the titanium powder was used for preparing highly interconnected porous scaffolds by impregnating polymer method. Subsequently, the electrochemical method and the biomimetic mineralization method were adopted to deposit calcium phosphate coatings on the sintered scaffold which was supposed to improve the scaffold bioactivity. The experimental results show, with the use of the two methods, the scaffolds are successfully covered by the deposition of the nano-net structure calcium phosphate coating, and they hold their three dimensional interconnected porous structures. Therefore, this kind of bioactive composite scaffold with such mechanical strength as that of woven bone should be a promising bone graft in clinical applications.

An in vitro model applicable for fatty liver lipotoxicity pharmacological research / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an in vitro model applicable for fatty liver lipotoxicity pharmacological research.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HepG2 cells were cultured with rat serum instead of fetal bovine serum and with long-chain free fatty acid (FFA) added. The tested indices were: the content of serum TNFa, cellular triglycerides (TG) content, Oil Red staining and ultrastructural changes; protein expression and gene expression of cellular TNFa, and the expression and distribution of cathepsin B (Ctsb).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After incubation with FFA for 24 hours, the TG deposition of HepG2 in the model group increased markedly and TG content was 627.24 mg/g protein (t = 23.6, P less than 0.01), TNFa content in the cell supernatant also increased to 52.04 pg/mg protein (t = 2.6, P less than 0.05). Compared with those of the normal group, the protein expression and mRNA expression of cellular TNFa and Ctsb also increased significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FFA could induce a model of HepG2 steatosis with TNFa secretion through the Ctsb signal pathway using rat serum in the culture media. The method is simple and economical, which is an ideal model applicable for fatty liver lipotoxicity pharmacological research.</p>

Laparoscopic gastric resection in 50 cases of gastric benign diseases / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility, effect, and clinic value of total laparoscopic gastric resection in patients with benign gastric disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical materials of 50 cases underwent total laparoscopic gastric resection (LG group) and 104 cases open surgery (OG group) between January 2002 and June 2006 were compared. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, mean time of stay in hospital and postoperative complications were studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All operations in LG group were successfully preformed with laparoscopic technique, and the mean operation time was 105 min, mean intraoperative blood loss was 50 ml, and mean hospital stay was 7 days. Incisional wound infection occurred in 2 cases and no serious complications occurred in this group. In OG group, the mean operation time was 118 min, mean intraoperative blood loss was 108 ml, and mean hospital stay was 12 days. Wound infection occurred in 7 cases, disorder of gastric emptying was found in 3 cases, fistula of anastomotic stoma happened in 1 case and bowel obstruction occurred in 1 case. There was significant difference in operation blood loss and hospital stay between the two groups (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Laparoscopic gastric resection is a safe and feasible minimally-invasive surgery, it brings less pain, less bleeding, shorter hospital stay.</p>

Effects of Fuzheng Huayu recipe on MMP-2 activity and type IV collagen expression at fibrotic lung / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the mechanism of Fuzheng Huayu (FZHY) recipe against pulmonary fibrosis relating to MMP-2 activity and type IV collagen expression at lung tissue.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The pulmonary fibrosis model was induced by intratracheal instillation with bleomycin once in rats. The models were divided into 3 groups: model control, FZHY recipe treated, and methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) treated group, each group was of 14 model rats. Normal control group with 10 rats was intoxicated with the same amount of saline. From the second day of intoxication, FZHY recipe treated group orally took FZHY recipe at the dosage of 4.6 g x kg(-1) rat wt, methylprednisolone treated group received intraperitoneal injection with 15 mg x kg(-1) rat wt of methylprednisolone, while model and normal controls took the same volume of saline, 1 time each day and lasting for 4 weeks. Lung and body weights were weighed and the lung/body ratio was calculated. Collagens deposition was check with Masson stain, and lung hydroxyproline (Hyp) content was assayed with Jamall's method. Protein expressions of MMP-2/9 and type IV collagen at lung tissue were analyzed with Western blot and of MMP-2/9 activities by gelatin zymography.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared to normal rats, the model control rats had a high lung/body ratio, remarkable collagen deposition, increased Hyp content and the expressions of type IV collagen, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein at lung tissue, increased MMP-2 activity, in particular active MMP-2 activity, but decreased MMP-9 activity. Compared to model control, FZHY recipe and methylprednisolone obviously attenuated pulmonary collagen deposition, decreased lung/body ratio and Hyp content, downregulated MMP-2 protein expression and activity, in particular active MMP-2 activity, and FZHU recipe had some better actions than methylprednisolone on lung/body ratio, type IV collagen expression and active MMP-2 activity. But both drug groups had no influence on MMP-9 protein expression and activity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FZHY recipe has a good action against experimental pulmonary fibrosis and its mechanisms are associated with the inhibition of MMP-2 protein and activity, and with the inhibition of over expression of type IV collagen at lung tissue.</p>

Exploration on relationship between platelet count and efficacy of Chinese medicine and Western medicine in treating rheumatoid arthritis patients / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the correlationship between platelet count and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) or Western medicine (WM) in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 356 patients with confirmed diagnosis of active RA from 9 clinical centers were randomly assigned to the TCM group (184 cases) and the WM group (172 cases). The TCM group was treated with basic therapy (administration of glucosidorum tripterygll totorum and Yishen Juanbi Pill) and TCM syndrome differentiation dependent treatment, while the WM group was treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and slow-acting anti-rheumatic drugs. The therapeutic efficacy was assessed with ACR20, the joint damage degree of both hands was evaluated by X-ray.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The platelet count was positively correlated to the X- ray grading of joint damage, namely, patients with a more severe joint damage often presented a higher platelet count. After treatment, in patients with joint damage of X-ray grade II or III and effectively treated with TCM, also in patients with joint damage of grade III and effectively treated with WM, the platelet count was lower than that in those treated ineffectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Platelet count is closely correlated to the efficacy of drug therapy, therefore, it may be taken as an important index for judging the curative effect of therapeutic approach in treating RA patients.</p>

Value of endoscopy combined with laparoscopy in treatment of colorectal polyps and polyp canceration / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the value of endoscopy combined with laparoscopy in the treatment of colorectal polyps and polyp canceration.Methods Different combinations of endoscopic and laparoscopic procedures were employed and the clinical efficacies were compared.Results From January 2004 to September 2006,46 cases with colorectal polyp were treated with endoscopy combined with laparoscopy.Among them,5 cases(10.87%)underwent laparoscopic-assisted endoscopic polypectomy,30(65.22%)endoscopic-assisted laparoscopic resection,6(13.04%)synchronously endoscopic and laparoscopic resection.Five cases were performed further operation after endoscopic polypectomy.According to the pathological findings,21(45.7%)were proved to be polyp canceration,among which 6 were advanced carcinoma,and 3 were found metastasis to the lymph nodes.Among the 41 cases of laparoscopic resection,there was no conversion to an open surgery.Anastomotic leakage was found in 2 cases and anastomotic bleeding in 1.In the 5 cases of laparoscopic-assisted endoscopic polypectomy,no complication was observed.During the period of follow-up(1 to 21 months),no recurrence was detected.Conclusion Endoscopy combined with laparoscopy extends the safety and indications of endoscopic polypectomy,and is minimally invasive to the patients.It is an ideal procedure in the treatment of colorectal polyps and poly carceration.

Clinical Investigation of the Treatment of Acute Stroke with Atrial Fibrillation: Gap Between Guidelines and Practice / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To evaluate the current status of treatment and prophylaxis of ischemic stroke associated with atrial fibrillation(AF),and to assess the opportunities for improvement. Methods Ninty-seven consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke and AF were evaluated and compared with 173 acute ischemic stroke patients without AF.Medical records were reviewed using a pre-defined questionnaire developed from the guidelines.Functional outcome was measured according to modified Rankin scale. Results The patients with stroke and AF was older than the control group(years vs years,P

Feature changes of MMP-2/9 activities and TIMP-1/2 protein expressions during the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in rats / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dynamic trends of activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9 and protein expressions of their inhibitors-tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1/2 during the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in rats so as to get insight of the roles played by MMP-2/9 in lung injury and fibrogenesis. METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=18) and bleomycin (BLM)-treated group (n=30). The pulmonary fibrosis was induced by intratracheal injection of BLM once. At the consecutive time of 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after intoxication, the lung-to-body weight ratio was calculated and the inflammation and collagen deposition in lung tissue were checked by HE and Masson stainings respectively. Meanwhile, the content of hypdroxyproline (Hyp) in lung tissue was assayed with Jamall's method, the protein expressions of MMP-2/9, TIMP-1/2 were examined by Western blotting, and the activities of MMP-2/9 were detected by gelatin zymography. RESULTS: The histopathological changes in lung tissue in the BLM-treated group from 1 day to 2 weeks after intoxication presented local lesions, broadened alveolar wall and septum, infiltration with lots of inflammatory cells and few of fibroblasts inside alveolar space and septum. At this early stage in the BLM-treated group, the lung-to-body weight ratio was increased significantly, the protein expressions and activities of MMP-2/9 were obviously increased especially for activity of active MMP-2, and the protein expressions of TIMP-1/2 were also increased gradually, as compared with those in the normal control group. From 3 to 4 weeks after intoxication in the BLM-treated group, the alveolar structure was damaged, parts of the alveolar space collapsed and replaced by collagens and fibroblasts, and the alveolar wall and septum obviously widened with remarkable fibrotic characteristics, as compared with those in the normal control group. Meanwhile, the lung-to-body weight ratio and the activities of MMP-2/9 were decreased in the BLM-treated group as compared with those in the same group at 2 weeks after intoxication, but the content of Hyp and the protein expressions of TIMP-1/2 were both increased dramatically, especially at 4 weeks after intoxication. CONCLUSIONS: During the lung fibrogenesis induced by BLM in rats, the alveolar inflammation is the most important alteration with enhanced MMP-2/9 activities in the early stage. While in the late stage, the main change is displayed as pulmonary fibrosis, characterized by increased TIMP-1/2 and declined MMP-2/9 activities.